The Aurora B inhibitor BI-1356 Entice

Tanshinone I signicantly reversed the latency time reduction induced by MK 801. As shown in Figure 7F, tanshinone I did not affect MK 801induced hyperactivity, suggesting that the ameliorating effects of tanshinone I on the MK 801 induced memory impairments are not derived in the modifications of locomotor behaviour.

Furthermore, the interaction between tanshinone I and U0126 showed a signicant group effect on pERK and on pCREB ranges. Low ranges of pERK and pCREB were shown inside the standard mice that did not undergo the acquisition trial inside the passive avoidance box. The Aurora B inhibitor present study demonstrated that tanshinone I activated ERK?CREB signalling pathways in normal mice and amelio rated memory impairments induced by a GABAA receptor agonist or an NMDA receptor antagonist, accompanied by the inhibition of learning associated ERK and CREB activation in the mouse hippocampus. Recently, ERK1 and 2, which are important downstream signalling mediators of several receptors, have been implicated in learning and memory.

In the present study, only tanshinone I was found to increase ERK phosphorylation in the hippocampus over vehicle treated controls, which suggests that the learning and memory BI-1356 enhancing effects of tanshinone I were associated with the ERK pathway. Therefore, we used tanshinone I to study the mechanism of learning and memory associated with ERK?CREB signalling, and found that tanshinone I signicantly enhanced learning and memory in the passive avoidance task, and ameliorated spatial learning and memory impairment induced by scopolamine in the Morris water maze task, which concurs with our previous ndings. Furthermore, tanshinone I signicantly increased CREB phosphorylation in the hippocampus, which suggests that CREB activation by tanshinone I was mediated via ERK phosphorylation.

Furthermore, U0126 antagonized the learning and memoryenhancing effects of tanshinone I. Taken BI-1356 together, these ndings suggest that the learning and memory enhancing effects of tanshinone I are associated with the phosphorylation of ERK and CREB. Extensive evidence now indicates that GABAA receptor agonists or antagonists affect learning and memory.